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APA 7th ed. Citation Guide: Statistics

Contains the latest changes and updates to APA Style

Statistics vs. Government Document

If you are citing a document (report, thesis, research paper) published by a source such as Statistics Canada or U.S. Census Bureau, follow the guidelines for a "Government Document".  Statistics include data, such as data files, or data sets.  

Missing Information?

Some sources, such as websites, may not have the full information to create a citation.  APA has guidelines for dealing with missing components of a citation, both in-text and reference entry.

Author Information!

PRO TIP: Formatting Author Names

Author, A.A. etc = Author's Last Name, First Name Initial. Middle Name Initial.

Statisitics Canada

Reference page citation:

Statistics Canada. (Year of publication). Title of document: Subtitle if given (No. Report Number if given). https://www.xxxxxx

Statistics Canada. (2007). Comparative level of GDP per capita in Canada and the United States: A decomposition into labour productivity and work intensity differences (No. 15-206-XIE-No.008). http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/Statcan/15-206-XIE/15-206-XIE2007008.pdf

In-Text:

Paraphrase:  (Statistics Canada, 2007)

Quote:           (Statistics Canada, 2007, p. 5)

Rules:

If the author and publisher are the same, omit the Publisher's name from the reference entry.

Reference page citation:

Statistics Canada. (Year of publication). Title of document: Subtitle if given (No. Report Number if given). City, Province. 

Statistics Canada. (2008). Aboriginal children's survey, 2006: Concepts and methods guide (No. 89-634-X - No. 006). Ottawa, ON.

In-Text:

Paraphrase:  (Statistics Canada, 2007)

Quote:           (Statistics Canada, 2007, p. 5)

Rules:

If the author and publisher are the same, omit the Publisher's name from the reference entry.

Statisitical Reports - Non Government

Reference page citation: Online

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of document: Subtitle if given (No. Report Number if given). Publisher if different from author. http://www.xxxxxx

Routley, N.. (2017). Map: Internet censorship around the world. Visual Capitalist. http://www.visualcaptialist.com/internet-censorship-map/

 

In-Text:

 

Paraphrase:  (Routley, 2017)

Quote:           (Routley, 2017, para. 5)

Reference page citation:

Corporate Author Name. (Year of Publication). Title of document: Subtitle if given (No. Report number if given). Publisher if different from Author. http://www.xxxxx

WITS - UNSD Comtrade. (2017). United States monthly trade data 2015. http://wits.worldbank.org/trade-data/visualization/en/country/USA/year/2015/monthly

In-Text:

Paraphrase:  (WITS - UNSD Comtrade, 2017)

Quote:           (WITS - UNSD Comtrade, 2017, p. 5)

Rules:

If the author and publisher are the same, omit the Publisher name from the reference entry.

Data Sets and Raw Data

Reference page citation:

Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of document: Subtitle if given (Version number if given). [Data set]. Publisher.  https://www.xxxxxx

National Centre for Education Statistics. (2016). Fast response survey system (FRSS): Teachers' use of educational technology in U.S. public school, 2009 (ICPSR 35531; Version V3). [Data set and code book]. National Archive of Data on Arts and Culture. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR35531.v3.

D'Souza, A., & Wiseheart, M. (2018). Cognitive effects of music and dance training in children. (ICPSR 37080; Version V1) [Data set]. ICPSR. https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/37080/versions/V1

In-Text:

Paraphrase:  (National Centre for Education Statistics, 2016)

Quote:           (National Centre for Education Statistics, 2016, p. 35)

Reference page citation:

Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of document: Subtitle if given [Unpublished raw data]. Publisher.  

Baer, R. A. (2015). [Unpublished raw data on the correlations between the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills]. University of Kentucky.

Oregon Youth Authority. (2011). Recidivism outcomes [Unpublished raw data].

In-Text:

Paraphrase:  (Baer, 2015)

Quote:           (Oregon Youth Authority, 2011, p. 25)

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