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Faculty Academic Integrity Resources: Additional Information and Research

Current Trends

Here we will attempt to keep you informed on the current trends that are happening in regard to academic integrity, and where possible provide you with additional information for further discussions.

Indigenous Student Materials

Seven grandfathers in academic integrity image

 

 

 Explore Academic Integrity through the teachings of the Seven Grandfathers.

ChatGPT and AI tools

Currently, there are free and fee-based artificial intelligence writing tools available on the market for use. The capabilities of these applications are quite broad in nature, with some having far more sophistication and accuracy than others.

For a quick overview, check out the information in the boxes below, or the Academic Integrity Council of Ontario's information sheet below.

Most of the applications employing artificial intelligence for writing are based on natural language processing (NLP). NLP uses computer algorithms to break down written language (that which is fed into the systems) and fragments this information to analyze both grammar and meanings within a context. In theory, the systems learn to mimic human language through this process. NLP breaks down words and categorizes them into their various forms of speech (verbs, nouns, etc.).

The NLP applications use machine learning algorithms that analyze and respond with written content based on statistical expectations of what words are most likely to follow one another in a specific response. The more these applications have as input the more accurate they may become.

While this will continue to change as NLP application continue to learn, here are some things to keep in mind when it comes to assessing if an assignment has been produced with one of these tools:

  • Unusual or repetitive language. 
  • Lack of personal pronouns.
  • Lack of specific details or examples.
  • Made-up or incorrect quotes.
  • Lack of citations; incorrect citations or completely fabricated citations.

Some tools are currently under development that may make detection easier in the future, however, current guidance is to not employ these in detecting AI. These systems have yet to be extensively tested for accuracy and many scholars have shown them to produce false positives. 

  • Math/Science equation apps allow students to upload equations and get answers - This video highlights some available in 2021. Socratic, Chegg

  • Writing Tools - these tools are being used to paraphrase, translate and remix information for students. Growing exceedingly more sophisticated there are tools that exist now that can quickly turn out essays, blogs, and test answers with a mere few keywords. Quillbot, ChatGPT, Jasper.ai, Bard

  • Image Creation Tools - these tools are used to autogenerate images based on keywords or examples. DALL-E 2, Midjourney, Stable Diffusion

With every technological advancement comes challenges and opportunities to adapt pedagogical practices to support students' future success in an ever changing world. This too might come to pass with artificial intelligence if a conscious effort is made to understand its benefits and limitations. The following are resources developed recently by several other institutions.

The introduction of any tool in the classroom warrants open discussion with students on appropriate use and acknowledging that there may be ethical concerns for faculty and students alike. Some of these prompts may assist in openly discussing these with your students (York University, 2023):

  • What do you currently know about AI apps?
  • Have you used AI apps in the past? How have you used these?
  • What ethical issues may arise from using tools like this in your field of study?
  • How might you use AI apps to support your learning? (Eaton, 2023)

The following list is provided as a starting place to understand artificial intelligence writing tools, their place in and out of the classroom, and their impact on academic integrity.

ChatGPT Basics

Guides for Faculty

Other Issues and thoughts

Other AI Issues to be aware of:

Sharing Behaviours

Sharing behaviours among students can be linked to several acts of academic integrity violations, including plagiarism, unauthorized collaboration, and aiding academic dishonesty. But not all of these behaviours occur with the intent to deceive or cheat.

Course Sharing Sites

Several sites exist that entice students to share course materials and assignments in order to gain access or credits that the student can then use to access other services within the site. This may include lecture notes, presentations, tests, rubrics, and completed assignments. In some cases, students gain access to past assignments from these sites without the knowledge of the student who uploaded the information. Examples of these sites include CourseHero, OneClass, and StuDocs.

Note: If you locate college-owned material on these sites please advise the college by reporting to copyright@flemingcollege.ca

Social Media Sites

Students use several different social media applications to stay connected and share information with classmates. It is always important to discuss appropriate sharing behaviours to maintain both personal safety and academic integrity. 

Contract Cheating

Contract Cheating is defined as the act of obtaining original work produced for a student, which they then submit as if this were their own work. It often involves a payment of some kind, but not always. The following presentation was given by Marcia Steeves in January 2021 to shed light on to the contract cheating industry.

A recording of this presentation is available here.

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